1 /* -------------------------------------------------- 2 Define required labels for EGTAPI 3 -------------------------------------------------- */ 4 .global main, Stop, CodeEnd, DataStart, DataEnd 5 6 .global Pause, sumRange 7 8 /* -------------------------------------------------- 9 Begin of the program instructions 10 -------------------------------------------------- */ 11 .text 12 main: 13 /* ====================================== 14 sum = sumRange(A, x, y) 15 ====================================== */ 16 0000 000000E3 movw r0, #:lower16:y 17 0004 000040E3 movt r0, #:upper16:y 18 0008 000090E5 ldr r0, [r0] 19 000c 04002DE5 push {r0} 20 21 0010 000000E3 movw r0, #:lower16:x 22 0014 000040E3 movt r0, #:upper16:x 23 0018 000090E5 ldr r0, [r0] 24 001c 04002DE5 push {r0} 25 26 0020 000000E3 movw r0, #:lower16:A 27 0024 000040E3 movt r0, #:upper16:A 28 0028 04002DE5 push {r0} 29 30 002c FEFFFFEB bl sumRange 31 0030 0CD08DE2 add sp, sp, #12 32 33 0034 001000E3 movw r1, #:lower16:sum 34 0038 001040E3 movt r1, #:upper16:sum 35 003c 000081E5 str r0, [r1] 36 37 Pause: 38 /* ====================================== 39 sum = sumRange(B, 3, 7) 40 ====================================== */ 41 0040 0700A0E3 mov r0, #7 42 0044 04002DE5 push {r0} 43 44 0048 0300A0E3 mov r0, #3 45 004c 04002DE5 push {r0} 46 47 0050 000000E3 movw r0, #:lower16:B 48 0054 000040E3 movt r0, #:upper16:B 49 0058 04002DE5 push {r0} 50 51 005c FEFFFFEB bl sumRange 52 0060 0CD08DE2 add sp, sp, #12 53 54 0064 001000E3 movw r1, #:lower16:sum 55 0068 001040E3 movt r1, #:upper16:sum 56 006c 000081E5 str r0, [r1] 57 58 Stop: 59 0070 0000A0E1 nop // Stop point of main( ) 60 61 62 // Stack frame structure used: 63 // 64 // i offset = -8 65 // s offset = -4 66 // FP--> saved FP (offset=0) 67 // saved LR (return address) (offset=4) 68 // A offset = +8 69 // a offset = +12 70 // b offset = +16 71 // 72 // Store return value in r0 73 74 sumRange: 75 0074 04E02DE5 push {lr} 76 0078 04B02DE5 push {fp} 77 007c 0DB0A0E1 mov fp, sp 78 0080 08D04DE2 sub sp, sp, #8 79 80 // ============================================ 81 82 // s = 0 83 0084 0000A0E3 mov r0, #0 84 0088 04000BE5 str r0, [fp,#-4] 85 86 // i = a 87 008c 0C009BE5 ldr r0, [fp,#12] 88 0090 08000BE5 str r0, [fp,#-8] 89 90 while: 91 0094 08001BE5 ldr r0, [fp,#-8] 92 0098 10109BE5 ldr r1, [fp,#16] 93 009c 010050E1 cmp r0, r1 94 00a0 0B0000AA bge whileEnd 95 96 // s = s + A[i] 97 00a4 04001BE5 ldr r0, [fp,#-4] 98 99 00a8 08109BE5 ldr r1, [fp,#8] // A 100 00ac 08201BE5 ldr r2, [fp,#-8] // i 101 00b0 022082E0 add r2, r2, r2 102 00b4 022082E0 add r2, r2, r2 103 104 00b8 021091E7 ldr r1, [r1,r2] 105 106 00bc 000081E0 add r0, r1, r0 107 108 00c0 04000BE5 str r0, [fp, #-4] 109 110 // i++ 111 00c4 08001BE5 ldr r0, [fp,#-8] 112 00c8 010080E2 add r0, r0, #1 113 00cc 08000BE5 str r0, [fp,#-8] 114 115 00d0 EFFFFFEA b while 116 117 whileEnd: 118 00d4 04001BE5 ldr r0,[fp,#-4] 119 120 return: 121 00d8 0BD0A0E1 mov sp, fp 122 00dc 04B09DE4 pop {fp} 123 00e0 04F09DE4 pop {pc} // <----------- BUG 124 125 126 127 128 CodeEnd: 129 00e4 0000A0E1 nop 130 131 /* -------------------------------------------------- 132 Begin of the permanent program variables 133 -------------------------------------------------- */ 134 .data 135 DataStart: 136 137 0000 0B000000 A: .4byte 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 , 20 137 0C000000 137 0D000000 137 0E000000 137 0F000000 138 0028 01000000 B: .4byte 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 138 02000000 138 03000000 138 04000000 138 05000000 139 0050 01000000 x: .4byte 1 140 0054 03000000 y: .4byte 3 141 0058 FFFFFFFF sum: .4byte -1 142 143 DataEnd: 144 145 .end DEFINED SYMBOLS /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:12 .text:0000000000000000 main /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:58 .text:0000000000000070 Stop /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:128 .text:00000000000000e4 CodeEnd /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:135 .data:0000000000000000 DataStart /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:143 .data:000000000000005c DataEnd /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:37 .text:0000000000000040 Pause /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:74 .text:0000000000000074 sumRange /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:140 .data:0000000000000054 y /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:16 .text:0000000000000000 $a /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:139 .data:0000000000000050 x /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:137 .data:0000000000000000 A /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:141 .data:0000000000000058 sum /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:138 .data:0000000000000028 B /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:90 .text:0000000000000094 while /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:117 .text:00000000000000d4 whileEnd /home/cs255001/cs255/asm/8-sub/demo-sumRange.s:120 .text:00000000000000d8 return NO UNDEFINED SYMBOLS 1 2 .global malloc, print 3 .global stdout_start, stdout_end 4 5 // ********************************************** 6 // malloc: simulate memory allocate 7 // 8 // This function will NOT change ANY registers 9 // (I.e.: will preserve ALL registers) 10 // ********************************************** 11 malloc: 12 0000 0E002DE9 push {r1, r2, r3} // Save scratch registers 13 14 0004 001000E3 movw r1, #:lower16:maddr 15 0008 001040E3 movt r1, #:upper16:maddr // r1 = &maddr 16 000c 003091E5 ldr r3, [r1] // r3 = maddr 17 18 // -------------------------------------- 19 // Make new maddr (divisible by 8) 20 // -------------------------------------- 21 22 0010 002083E0 add r2, r3, r0 // New maddr 23 0014 082082E2 add r2, r2, #8 // Making sure it increase 24 25 0018 0700A0E3 mov r0, #0x7 // r0 = 0000..00111 26 001c 0000E0E1 mvn r0, r0 // r0 = 1111..11000 27 0020 002002E0 and r2, r2, r0 // Knock off the last 3 bits 28 0024 002081E5 str r2, [r1] // Update maddr 29 30 31 // -------------------------------------- 32 // Return to caller 33 // -------------------------------------- 34 0028 0300A0E1 mov r0, r3 // Return maddr value in r0 35 002c 0E00BDE8 pop {r1, r2, r3} // Restore scratch registers 36 0030 0EF0A0E1 mov pc, lr // Return 37 38 0034 00000400 maddr: .word 0x40000 // Start address of the heap 39 40 41 // ******************************************************************* 42 // print: simulate print output in Egtapi 43 // 44 // input: r0 = address of string 45 // r1 = # characters to write 46 // 47 // Egtapi will show ASCII data stored starting at stdout_start 48 // until stdout_end in its output area 49 // 50 // This function will NOT change ANY registers 51 // (I.e.: will preserve ALL registers) 52 // ******************************************************************* 53 print: 54 0038 1C002DE9 push {r2, r3, r4} // Save scratch registers 55 56 003c 002000E3 movw r2, #:lower16:stdout_end 57 0040 002040E3 movt r2, #:upper16:stdout_end // r2 = &stdout_end 58 0044 002092E5 ldr r2, [r2] // r2 = stdout_end 59 60 0048 0130A0E1 mov r3, r1 // r3 = # char to copy 61 62 printLoop: 63 004c 000053E3 cmp r3, #0 64 0050 0500000A beq printDone 65 66 0054 0040D0E5 ldrb r4, [r0] // Get next char 67 0058 0040C2E5 strb r4, [r2] // Write next char 68 69 005c 010080E2 add r0, r0, #1 70 0060 012082E2 add r2, r2, #1 71 72 0064 013043E2 sub r3, r3, #1 73 74 0068 F7FFFFEA b printLoop 75 76 printDone: 77 006c 2040A0E3 mov r4, #32 // Space 78 0070 0040C2E5 strb r4, [r2] 79 0074 012082E2 add r2, r2, #1 80 81 0078 003000E3 movw r3, #:lower16:stdout_end 82 007c 003040E3 movt r3, #:upper16:stdout_end // r2 = &stdout_end 83 0080 002083E5 str r2, [r3] 84 85 0084 1C00BDE8 pop {r2, r3, r4} // Restore scratch registers 86 0088 0EF0A0E1 mov pc, lr // Return 87 88 89 90 91 008c 00000500 stdout_start: .word 0x50000 // This value remains unchanged 92 0090 00000500 stdout_end: .word 0x50000 93 94 95 .end DEFINED SYMBOLS /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:11 .text:0000000000000000 malloc /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:53 .text:0000000000000038 print /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:91 .text:000000000000008c stdout_start /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:92 .text:0000000000000090 stdout_end /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:12 .text:0000000000000000 $a /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:38 .text:0000000000000034 maddr /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:38 .text:0000000000000034 $d /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:54 .text:0000000000000038 $a /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:62 .text:000000000000004c printLoop /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:76 .text:000000000000006c printDone /home/egtapi/lib/cs255lib.s:91 .text:000000000000008c $d NO UNDEFINED SYMBOLS